Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Quebec back pain disability scale to urdu language

  • Somiya naz IBADAT International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Nazim Farooq IBADAT International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Qurat Ul Ain Islamabad Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • Ayesha Munawar Islamabad College of Physiotherapy, Margalla Institute of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33897/fujrs.v4i2.372
Keywords: Low back pain, Psychometrics, QBPDS, Responsiveness, Translation, Validity

Abstract

Background: Back pain is one of most prevalent health issues. The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS) is a frequently used tool for back pain. Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale was translated into Urdu so that Urdu speaking population can appropriately report their back pain experience.

Objectives: To translate and across cultural adapt QBPDS into Urdu (QBPDS-U) as well as to evaluate QBPDS-U’s psychometric properties in patients having non-specific low back pain (NLPB).

Methods: The ethical approval obtained had reference number SN/73/19. The QBPDS was forward and backward translated and culturally modified into Urdu, according to Mapi Research Trust Guidelines. To assess the psychometric properties, there were 200 NLPB patients and 50 healthy individuals recruited for the study. The QBPDS-U, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analogue scale for pain (VASpain), and Visual Analogue Scale for disability (VASdisability) were used. Patients responded to all questionnaires, as well as the global rating of change scale (GROC), after three weeks of physical therapy. Reliability, factor analysis, validity, and responsiveness were examined.

Results: The QBPDS-U showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.96) and excellent test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient=0.93). Factor analysis of QBPDS-U retained single factor structure. The QBPDS-U correlated moderately with VASdisability and VASpain [(r=0.65), P<0.001], but strongly with ODI [(r=0.73), P<0.001]. Discriminative validity was confirmed by significant differences in QBPDS-U total scores between healthy individuals and patients (P<0.001). The responsiveness of the QBPDS-U was verified by a significant difference in change scores between the stable and better groups (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The QBPDS-U is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool for measuring disability in NLBP patients who speak Urdu.

Published
2024-07-31
Issue
Vol 4 No 2 (2024): July
Section
Research Articles
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